vitamin B12. Always check the nutrition label.
People who avoid animal products should make sure they obtain enough B12 from reliably fortified foods or an appropriate supplement.
How Is Vitamin B12 Deficiency Diagnosed?
Symptoms alone are not enough to confirm a deficiency.
A healthcare professional may recommend blood tests to measure vitamin B12 levels and check for anemia.
Depending on the results and symptoms, additional tests may be needed, including:
Complete blood count (CBC).
Methylmalonic acid (MMA).
Homocysteine levels.
Tests to investigate possible absorption problems.
Treatment depends on the cause and severity. It may involve dietary changes, oral supplements, or
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